Introduction: Uveitis, a leading cause of blindness, often causes complications like cataracts and glaucoma due to recurrent episodes. This prospective study aims to compare the efficacy of corticosteroids, immunosuppressants, and biologics in preventing uveitis recurrence, focusing on recurrence rates, visual acuity, and treatment-related complications to optimize therapeutic strategies.
Methods: This prospective observational study, approved by the ethics committee, assessed the efficacy of systemic corticosteroids, immunosuppressive agents, and biologics in preventing uveitis recurrence. Patients aged 18-65 with non-infectious uveitis were included. Outcomes measured included recurrence rate, time to recurrence, visual acuity, and adverse effects over 12 months.
Results: Biologic therapy demonstrated the lowest recurrence rate (20%) and longest time to recurrence (10.5 months), with significant visual acuity improvement (0.20 LogMAR; p = 0.03). Corticosteroids had the highest adverse effects (50%), particularly cataracts (20%). Biologics were the most effective and safest treatment for preventing uveitis recurrence.
Conclusion: Biologic therapy is the most effective treatment for preventing uveitis recurrence, offering the lowest recurrence rates, the longest time to recurrence, and the greatest improvement in visual acuity. Additionally, it has the fewest adverse effects, making it a safer option compared to corticosteroids.
DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.