Objective: In the present reported project study, the effect of Natural superdisintegrant was compared with synthetic Superdisintegrants and conventional Superdisintegrants in the Fast-Dissolving tablet formulation of Clinidipine. Cilnidipine is the novel dihydropyridine calcium antagonist and calcium antagonistic activity of clinidipine is long lasting than those of Nifedipine and Nicardipine. Cilnidipine has been used for the treatment of any hypertension and hypertensive-associated vascular disorders. Cilnidipine shows a very low solubility (BCS Class-II drug Low solubility high permeability) and compliance to the medication is always very poor. The dissolution rate is directly proportional to solubility of drug. Methods: In the present work, 9 formulations of Fast Dissolving tablets of Clinidipine were prepared by using natural Superdisintegrants was evaluated and compiles with the official standards, parameters and specifications. Various formulations were prepared using three types of different superdisintegrant namely- Isapghula Husk, sodium starch glycolate, Crospovidone sodium with three concentrations (2%, 4%, 6%) by direct compression method. Result: The blend was evaluated for pre-compression parameters like Angle of repose, bulk density, tapped density, and then tablet evaluated post-compression parameters like thickness, drug content, hardness, weight variation, wetting time, friability, disintegration time, dissolution time, drug release study. Formulation ST8 showed the lowest disintegration time and in-vitro dissolution studies recorded that formulation ST showed better drug release at the end of 3 minutes. Conclusion: The best formulations were also found to be stable and optimized formulations were subjected to the stability studies as per ICH guideline and standards.

Aim: The purpose of this study was to determine the role of ultrasound (US) as a predictor of pregnancy outcome in cases of threatened miscarriage. Introduction: First-trimester bleeding is a common medical concern. It may result in pregnancy loss or adverse maternal and fetal outcomes. Certain sonographic parameters, such as GSD, YSD, CRL, and FHR, may be able to predict these outcomes. Material and methods: A prospective study of 500 women in their first trimester was divided into three groups: group I (130 women) with threatened abortion that resulted in abortion, group II (170 women) with threatened abortion that resulted in pregnancy completion, and group III (200 women) with normal pregnancy. Gestational Sac Diameter (GSD), Yolk Sac Diameter (YSD), Crown-Rump Length (CRL), and Foetal Heart Rate (FHR) were among the indicators used in the United States. These patients’ pregnancy outcomes were assessed. Results: A significant difference was found between group I and the other two groups regarding FHR and CRL (P<0.05), while no significant difference was observed among the three groups regarding GSD or YSD. Compared to control group, the cases of group II had a higher incidence of premature rupture of membrane PROM (OR=9.9, P<0.05), gestational hypertension (OR=5.4, P< 0.05), and placental abruption (OR=4.8, P<0.05). Conclusion: FHR and CRL are useful sonographic markers for predicting pregnancy outcome in women who are at risk of miscarriage. FHR at 115 beats per minute has the highest predictability, while CRL at 22 mm has the lowest.

Aim: to study clinical correlation between conjunctival vessel width with grades of retinopathy in diabetes mellitus. Materials and Method: 300 eyes of 150 patients of diabetes mellitus of age group 50-70 years were examined between May 2017 to July 2018. Anterior segment imaging for measurement of conjunctival vessel width and Posterior segment examination for the grading of diabetic retinopathy was done. All findings were noted and statistical analysis of conjunctival vessel width with grade of retinopathy was done. Results: The average conjunctival (most prominent temporal bulbar conjunctival) vessel width was 27.4μ diabetic with no retinopathy and 32.6μ in mild, 36.8μ in moderate, 40.2μ in severe and 43.9μ in proliferative diabetic retinopathy. With increasing grades of diabetic retinopathy there was increase in conjunctival vessel width (p<0.001). Conclusion: Conjunctival vessel width positively correlates with increasing grades of severity of diabetes mellitus.