Antioxidant and Free Radical Scavenging Activities of Ipomoea pes-caprae (l.) R. Br. Extracts
Arun Kumar, Shrabani Paul, Pingal Kumari , S. Thirugnanasambandan Somasundaram, K. Kathiresan
Ipomoea pes-caprae (L.) R. Br. (family Convolvulaceae), commonly known as “Ivy leaf morning glory” has long been used as a traditional medicine. This study was intended to characterize the antioxidant properties and the total phenolic compounds (TPC) of four extracts of I. pes-caprae obtained by hexane, dichloromethane (DCM), ethyl acetate and methanol solvents respectively. Extraction with hexane (1.3 ± 0.03 gm) and DCM (0.48 ± 0.02 gm) showed the highest yield. The highest amount (20.02 mg/g dry wt. gallic acid equivalent) of TPC was observed for methanol extract. Methanol showed the highest antioxidant activity of 208.54 ± 4.14 mg/g dry wt. ascorbic acid equivalent, followed by ethyl acetate (176.43 ± 2.4 mg/g dry wt. ascorbic acid equivalent). The reducing power ability of Ipomoea pes-caprae extracts steadily increased with increasing concentration of all the samples. In DPPH (2, 2-diphenyl-1-picryl hydrazyl) assay, methanol extract exhibited the most effective scavenging ability (97.85%) among the four extracts. It was observed that methanol fraction has the strongest inhibition (90.31%) against hydroxyl radical at 1000 μg/mL concentration. The maximum hydrogen peroxide radical scavenging activity (81.56%) was exhibited by methanol fraction. In the ABTS radical cation scavenging activity, the methanol extract showed highest activity (96.43%) the concentration of 1000 µg/ml. On the contrary, maximum hemolytic activity of 32 hemolytic units (HU)/mg was observed in case of ethyl acetate extract against chicken blood. Our findings identified the appropriate solvent for extracting phenolic compounds which might provide a rich and novel source of natural antioxidants.
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